When the crusher is in operation, the material enters from the upper inlet and moves downward along the vector direction. At the crusher inlet, the hammer pieces strike the material along the circular cutting line direction. Subsequently, the material and hammer pieces move in the same direction on the screen surface, reducing the speed differential between the hammer pieces and the material during impact, which lowers the crushing efficiency. The fundamental principle behind the shear hammer crushers improved efficiency is the increase in the speed differential between the crusher hammers and the material. Therefore, enhancing this speed differential has always been a pursuit in crusher technology.

To address the issue of speed differences within the crusher, many experts have made significant efforts and summarized the following key technical points:

1. Proper adjustment of the hammer and screen clearance

By adjusting the hammer and screen clearance, the friction between the material and the screen surface is utilized to increase the relative speed difference between the hammer and the material, thereby improving efficiency. However, during the feed production process, different screen holes and raw materials often require frequent adjustments to the hammer screen clearance. In the crusher, the particle composition on the inner walls also changes after the crusher starts and operates for a period of time. Among the crusher components, hammers are prone to damage. When the front end of the hammer wears, the hammer screen clearance changes, leading to reduced output and difficulty in maintaining performance for extended periods. Of course, to meet certain crushing efficiency testing requirements, for specific raw materials and screen holes, determining the appropriate hammer screen clearance and air intake can yield high crushing efficiency data in a short time without considering the service life of the screen and hammers. However, in feed crushing production, this specific measurement data based on the operators experience is a separate matter from the technical sophistication of the crusher itself. Operators with extensive experience and labor also incur high maintenance costs. After hammer wear, the hammer screen clearance increases, friction decreases, and crushing efficiency declines.

2. Rational utilization of screening back edges

Placing the burrs of the screen holes inside can increase friction, but the efficiency diminishes shortly after the burrs are polished. This typically lasts about 30 minutes to 1 hour.

3. Enhance air intake

Introducing negative pressure into the crusher system helps adhere the material to the surface of the screen, thereby increasing the friction of the material on the screen surface. It also enhances the relative speed difference between the hammer and the material during impact. However, the intake of air can lead to damage to the hammers and screen, reducing efficiency over time. Additionally, the power consumption of the intake increases.

4. Place the rubbing plate in the crusher

The friction plate serves the function of a material barrier ring, but its effect is limited. Firstly, the teeth of the friction plate are applied to the front end of the hammer, resulting in a small friction surface and durability issues with hammer damage; secondly, the friction plate occupies the edge of the screen. If the area of the friction plate is too large, the screen area will decrease, and if the screen area is too small, the production output will be reduced.